Can Cell Phones Damage Our Eyes?

Can Cell Phones Damage Our Eyes?

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I'm sure you've read dozens of stories about how our cell phones could be dangerous to our health, causing brain tumors for example. But so far, there is not a definitive answer. But now, according to IsraCast, a team of Israeli researchers has discovered that the microwave radiation used by our cell phones could destroy our eyes by causing two kinds of damages to our visual system, including an irreversible one. If the researchers are right, and even if you only occasionally use your cell phone, the lenses in your eyes can suffer from microscopic damages that won't heal themselves over time. Now, let's wait until another scientific team says it's not true...

Here is the introduction of the IsraCast article.

In a recent scientific study conducted by a team of researchers from the Technion, a possible link between microwave radiation, similar to the type found in cellular phones, and different kinds of damage to the visual system was found. At least one kind of damage seems to accumulate over time and not heal, challenging the common view and leading the researchers to the assertion that the duration of exposure is not less important than the intensity of the irradiation. The researchers also emphasized that existing exposure guidelines for microwave radiation might have to change.

The article contains several illustrations, but here is the most spectacular (Credit: The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine at the Technion).


Lenses damaged by microwave radiation

[Above are] microscope photographs of lenses incubated in organ culture conditions for 12 days. Right frame shows Control lens with no damage. Bottom frame demonstrates the effect of microwave radiation on bovine lens sutures for a total exposure of 192 cycles (1.1GHz, 2.22mW). Each cycle lasts 50min followed by 10 min pause.

The potential risks from radiation on our visual system have previously been studied, but until recently, the effects of microwave radiation have not been evaluated.

Before going further, I need to introduce two concepts here. Cell phone companies use the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) to measure microwave radiation -- "it is the average power density absorbed in a given volume per average weight density (Watt/Kg)." "A less common measure is called Specific Energy Absorption (SA), and is defined as the energy density absorbed in the tissue divided by its weight density."

Now we can look at the experiments.

Eye lenses of one-year-old male calves obtained from a slaughterhouse were exposed to microwave radiation - one eye from each pair used for control. Each exposure session lasted about two weeks. Both control and exposed lens were kept in an incubator at a constant temperature. During this period each exposed lens had experienced up to 2mW of 1.1GHz radiation virtually around the clock, and each hour it was exposed for a 50 minute session followed by a 10 minute break.

And the researchers were able to measure two different effects:

* macroscopic damages affecting the optical quality of the lens, which can gradually heal
* and microscopic damages, which don't heal after the experiments stopped, and are even growing when a new exposure starts

Here are some warnings from one of the researchers.

Professor Levi Schächter, [of the Department of Electrical Engineering at the Technion,] who worked on the research, told IsraCast that attention should be paid not only to the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) but also to the total energy absorbed by the tissue (SA), which is not currently under supervision by the appropriate regulative authorities.

The latest research work on this subject has been published by Bioelectromagnetics under the name "Localized effects of microwave radiation on the intact eye lens in culture conditions" (Volume 26, Issue 5 , Pages 398-405, May 10, 2005). Here is a link to the abstract, which I reproduce below.

A novel experimental system was used to investigate the localized effects of microwave radiation on bovine eye lenses in culture for over 2 weeks. Using this setup, we found clear evidence that this radiation has a significant impact on the eye lens. At the macroscopic level, it is demonstrated that exposure to a few mW at 1 GHz for over 36 h affects the optical function of the lens. Most importantly, self-recovery occurs if the exposure is interrupted.

At the microscopic level, close examination of the lens indicates that the interaction mechanism is completely different from the mechanism-causing cataract via temperature increase. Contrary to the latter's effect, that is particularly pronounced in the vicinity of the sutures and it is assumed to be a result of local friction between the edges of the fibers consisting the lens. Even if macroscopically the lens has recovered from the irradiation, microscopically the indicators of radiation impact remain.

Finally, as this study has not been done -- yet -- on humans, I guess the controversy can begin.

Sources: Iddo Genuth, IsraCast, July 25, 2005; and various web sites