'The researchers highlight bold national policies to entirely phase out fossil-fuel extraction, including an alliance devised by Costa Rica and Denmark, set to be launched at the crucial United Nations Climate Change Conference, in Glasgow, this year, asking states to stop issuing fossil-fuel exploration permits.''Almost 60% of oil and gas reserves and 90% of coal must remain in the ground to keep global warming below 1.5C, scientists say.
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Scientists say that limiting the global temperature rise to 1.5C should help the world avoid the most dangerous effects of climate change.
Globally, the researchers calculated, production of fossil fuels needed to have peaked in 2020 and be on a steady decline of 3% every year until 2050.
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The research focuses on how much energy is required and what the limit must be on carbon emissions.
Dr James Price, also at UCL, said: "We say to our model, 'Meet all those demands from now until 2100 without emitting too much carbon dioxide.'
"The result we get is a rapid reduction in fossil fuels - and a large amount of fossils fuels [left in the ground] - simply because the carbon budget is so tight."
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The researchers highlight bold national policies to entirely phase out fossil-fuel extraction, including an alliance devised by Costa Rica and Denmark, set to be launched at the crucial United Nations Climate Change Conference, in Glasgow, this year, asking states to stop issuing fossil-fuel exploration permits.
And the scientists say they hope the "stark numbers" will inspire the political will to make swift and urgent change to move away from a reliance on fossil fuels.
Dr Price told the BBC: "The physics doesn't care about the political will.
"We know technically how to do this, it is just about actually doing it." '
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Climate change: Fossil fuels must stay underground, scientists say, September 9, 2021
ContextEstimate: October, 2025 – Safire Plasma (beyond fusion) Reactors commercially available – Abundance(2021-2030) - EU Action Plan: “Towards Zero Pollution for Air, Water and Soil”(Global Healing 2020 - 2050)(Clean air, soil & water) - '..a complete phase-out of wood burning for power, heat and road transport as soon as possible.'